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// Blue Team & SOC

File and Hash Threat Intel

23 Oct 2024 · 10 min read
File and Hash Threat Intel is an Easy-difficulty Blue Team room on TryHackMe aimed at SOC analysts. You step into the shoes of an L1 analyst who must triage suspicious binaries flagged by EDR and decide, in under 60 minutes, whether they are benign or malicious. The walkthrough teaches how to spot deceptive filenames, compute file hashes on Windows, and enrich the investigation with VirusTotal, MalwareBazaar, and Hybrid Analysis, mapping behavior to MITRE ATT&CK.
PlatformTryHackMe
CategoryBlue Team & SOC
DifficultyEasy
RoomFile and Hash Threat Intel

Task 1 — Introduction

No questions. The room sets the scene: you are an L1 analyst and several binaries have been flagged by EDR tooling. Your job is to analyze them and determine whether they are benign or malicious within a 60-minute window, mirroring the real pressure of a SOC shift.

Task 2 — Filenames and Paths

The first clue to a malicious file is often the name itself. Attackers rely on several masquerading techniques:

  • Double extensions: files such as payroll.pdf.exe, where a legitimate extension is prepended to the real executable extension so the file looks like a harmless document.
  • System binary impersonation: malware named after legitimate Windows executables.
  • Misleading names: files named to look like everyday, trustworthy content.
Beyond the room: double extensions work because Windows Explorer hides known file extensions by default ("Hide extensions for known file types", on since Windows 95). A file saved as payroll.pdf.exe is displayed to the user as just payroll.pdf — no exploit required, just a UI default that most users never disable.

Inspecting the files in the CTI folder on the desktop reveals payroll.pdf.exe, which appears to be a PDF but is actually an executable.

Q: One file displays one of the indicators mentioned. Can you identify the file and the indicator? (Format: file, property)
A: payroll.pdf, Double extensions

Task 3 — File Hash Lookup

A filename can lie, but a hash cannot. A cryptographic hash is a file's unique fingerprint: it does not change when the file is renamed, and it lets you look the file up on threat intelligence platforms. On Windows we can generate it without external tooling:

certutil -hashfile <filename> SHA256
Get-FileHash -Algorithm SHA256 <filename>

The challenge files live in C:\Users\Matthew.Collins\Desktop\CTI_Files\. Once you have the hash, look it up on VirusTotal and MalwareBazaar.

Q1: What is the SHA256 hash of the file bl0gger?

cd C:\Users\Matthew.Collins\Desktop\CTI_Files
certutil -hashfile bl0gger SHA256

A: 2672b6688d7b32a90f9153d2ff607d6801e6cbde61f509ed36d0450745998d58

Q2: On VirusTotal, what threat label identifies the malicious file?
A: trojan.graftor/flystudio

Beyond the room: "Graftor" is a generic/heuristic label some antivirus engines apply to files that look suspicious but don't match a specific known family, while "FlyStudio" refers to a legitimate Chinese RAD/GUI-builder toolkit that malware authors have repeatedly abused to compile simple trojans and downloaders. Different vendors often attach different — sometimes combined — labels to the very same sample, which is exactly why cross-referencing VirusTotal, MalwareBazaar, and a sandbox report is more reliable than trusting a single AV label.

Q3: When was the file first submitted for analysis? (Format: YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS). Check the Details tab on VirusTotal, First submission field.
A: 2025-05-15 12:03:49

Q4: According to MalwareBazaar, which vendor classified the Morse-Code-Analyzer file as non-malicious? First generate its hash and search MalwareBazaar:

certutil -hashfile "Morse-Code-Analyzer" SHA256

Hash: 1f8806869616c18cbae9ffcf581c0428915d32fb70119df16d08078d92d1a5e3
A: CyberFortress

Q5: On VirusTotal (Behavior tab), what MITRE technique is flagged for persistence and privilege escalation for the Morse-Code-Analyzer file?
A: DLL Side-Loading

Task 4 — Sandbox Analysis

Static analysis tells us what a file is; a sandbox tells us what it does. Hybrid Analysis detonates the sample in a controlled environment and surfaces its behavior: commands launched, child processes, dropped files, and network communications.

Q1: What tags identify the malicious bl0gger.exe file on Hybrid Analysis? Search by the Task 3 hash (2672B6688D7B32A90F9153D2FF607D6801E6CBDE61F509ED36D0450745998D58).
A: BlackMoon, Discovery, windows-server-utility

Q2: What stealth command line was executed from the file?
A: regsvr32 %WINDIR%\Media\ActiveX.ocx /s

The /s (silent) flag registers the ActiveX component without showing any user notification, a classic covert-execution technique.
Beyond the room: using regsvr32 to silently register a malicious ActiveX/DLL is a documented MITRE ATT&CK technique — T1218.010, System Binary Proxy Execution: Regsvr32 — because regsvr32.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so security tools that trust signed processes by default can miss the malicious payload it loads.

Q3: According to the process tree, which other process was spawned?
A: werfault.exe

Beyond the room: WerFault.exe is the legitimate Windows Error Reporting process, but its ubiquity and default-trusted status make it a frequent target for masquerading and process-injection tricks — malware spawns a copy of it, or a same-named binary from a non-standard path, to blend into a normal-looking process tree.

Q4: The payroll.pdf application appears to masquerade as which known Windows file?
A: svchost.exe

Q5: What associated URL is linked to the file? (Search by hash D202ED020ED8E36BD8A0F5B571A19D386C12ABECB2A28C989D50BBF92C78F54E, Associated URLs section.)
A: hxxp://121.182.174.27:3000/server.exe

Q6: How many extracted strings were identified from the sandbox analysis?
A: 454

Task 5 — Threat Intelligence Challenge

Final challenge: a comprehensive analysis of a sophisticated sample combining VirusTotal and sandbox intelligence. The goal is to reconstruct the full attack narrative, from identification to MITRE mapping.

Q1: What is the SHA256 hash of the file?
A: 43b0ac119ff957bb209d86ec206ea1ec3c51dd87bebf7b4a649c7e6c7f3756e7

Q2: What family labels are assigned to the file on VirusTotal?
A: akira, filecryptor

Q3: How many security vendors have flagged the file as malicious?
A: 61

Q4: Name the text file dropped during execution of the malicious file.
A: akira_readme.txt

Beyond the room: Akira is a real, active ransomware-as-a-service family first observed in March 2023. It runs a double-extortion model (data theft + encryption + a leak site), has a Linux/ESXi variant, and has been linked to intrusions via unpatched Cisco ASA/FTD VPN appliances (e.g. CVE-2023-20269). The akira_readme.txt ransom note and shadow-copy deletion seen in this sample match publicly documented Akira behavior.

Q5: What PowerShell script is observed being executed?
A: Get-WmiObject Win32_Shadowcopy | Remove-WmiObject

This command deletes the system's shadow copies, a common ransomware action to prevent file recovery.

Q6: What MITRE ATT&CK ID is associated with this execution?
A: T1490 — Inhibit System Recovery, used by ransomware to stop victims from restoring their files.

IOC Table

IndicatorValueContext
SHA2562672b6688d7b32a90f9153d2ff607d6801e6cbde61f509ed36d0450745998d58bl0gger.exe — trojan.graftor/flystudio (BlackMoon)
SHA2561f8806869616c18cbae9ffcf581c0428915d32fb70119df16d08078d92d1a5e3Morse-Code-Analyzer — DLL Side-Loading
SHA256d202ed020ed8e36bd8a0f5b571a19d386c12abecb2a28c989d50bbf92c78f54epayroll.pdf.exe — masquerades as svchost.exe
SHA25643b0ac119ff957bb209d86ec206ea1ec3c51dd87bebf7b4a649c7e6c7f3756e7Akira ransomware / filecryptor — 61 detections
URL / C2hxxp://121.182.174.27:3000/server.exeDownload associated with payroll.pdf.exe
Dropped fileakira_readme.txtAkira ransom note
Commandregsvr32 %WINDIR%\Media\ActiveX.ocx /sSilent ActiveX registration (bl0gger)
MITRE ATT&CKT1490Inhibit System Recovery (shadow copy deletion)

Key takeaways

  • A file's name and extension are trivially manipulated; the cryptographic hash is the reliable fingerprint for identifying it and pivoting through threat-intel sources.
  • Double extensions (.pdf.exe) and system-binary impersonation (svchost, ActiveX) are early masquerading signals.
  • Cross-referencing VirusTotal, MalwareBazaar, and Hybrid Analysis gives a complete picture: classification, cross-vendor reputation, and dynamic behavior.
  • Sandbox analysis reveals stealth commands, child processes, dropped files, and C2 URLs that static analysis misses.
  • Mapping behavior to MITRE ATT&CK (e.g. T1490, T1218.010, DLL Side-Loading) standardizes findings and speeds up incident response.