root@thehacksparrow:~/writeups$ SYSTEM ONLINE
root@sparrow:~/writeups$ cat voyage.md
// Offensive

Voyage

25 Aug 2023 · 10 min read · root access
Executive summary — Voyage is a Linux machine solved by chaining flaws: a Joomla! 4.2.7 vulnerable to CVE-2023-23752 leaks database credentials that grant SSH access to a Docker container; from there we pivot to an internal service (the Secret Finance Panel) that insecurely deserializes pickle session cookies, yielding remote code execution and the user flag; finally, the container keeps the CAP_SYS_MODULE capability, which lets us load a malicious kernel module and escape to the host as root. A full Web → Container → Deserialization → Docker escape → Root path.
PlatformTryHackMe
Operating systemLinux
DifficultyMedium
RoomVoyage
Target IP10.10.58.82

Attack map

[80/HTTP]  Joomla! 4.2.7
   │  CVE-2023-23752 (config leak) → credentials
   ▼
[SSH:2222]  root inside container f5eb774507f2
   │  internal net 192.168.100.0/24 → SSH -L port forward
   ▼
[5000/HTTP]  Secret Finance Panel (pickle session cookie)
   │  malicious pickle (__reduce__) → reverse shell → USER FLAG
   ▼
[CAP_SYS_MODULE]  container can load kernel modules
   │  shell.ko → call_usermodehelper() on the host
   ▼
[ROOT@host]  reverse shell from the host → root.txt

1. Initial reconnaissance

We start by mapping the attack surface with a full port scan, version detection and default scripts:

nmap -T4 -n -sC -sV -Pn -p- 10.10.58.82

Why these flags:

  • -p- → scans all 65535 TCP ports, not just the usual top 1000.
  • -sC -sV → default NSE scripts + per-service version detection.
  • -Pn -n → skip host-discovery ping and DNS resolution (faster).

Relevant result: two SSH services (ports 22 and 2222) and a Joomla! site on port 80. A second SSH on a non-standard port usually hints at a container or secondary service.

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