macchanger
macchanger changes ("spoofs") the MAC address of a network interface — the network card's physical "plate". Used to increase privacy, bypass MAC-based filters, avoid tracking on Wi-Fi networks, and in security testing/pentesting.
| Type | CLI |
| Install | sudo apt install macchanger (bundled in Kali) |
Full flow
Check the current MAC:
ip link
# or
ifconfigBefore changing it, bring the interface down:
sudo ip link set wlan0 downChange to a random MAC:
sudo macchanger -r wlan0Current MAC: 00:11:22:33:44:55
New MAC: aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff (random)Change to a specific MAC:
sudo macchanger -m 11:22:33:44:55:66 wlan0Restore the original factory MAC:
sudo macchanger -p wlan0Bring the interface back up and verify:
sudo ip link set wlan0 up
ip link show wlan0Quick summary
sudo ip link set wlan0 down
sudo macchanger -r wlan0
sudo ip link set wlan0 upResponsible use
These commands are for systems you own or have explicit written authorisation to test (labs, CTFs, contracted engagements). Using them against third-party infrastructure without permission is illegal in most countries.
macchanger cambia ("spoofea") la dirección MAC de una interfaz de red — la "matrícula" física de la tarjeta. Se usa para aumentar privacidad, saltar filtros basados en MAC, evitar rastreo en redes Wi-Fi, y en pruebas de ciberseguridad/pentesting.
| Tipo | CLI |
| Instalación | sudo apt install macchanger (viene en Kali) |
Flujo completo
Comprobar la MAC actual:
ip link
# o
ifconfigAntes de cambiarla, hay que bajar la interfaz:
sudo ip link set wlan0 downCambiar a una MAC aleatoria:
sudo macchanger -r wlan0Current MAC: 00:11:22:33:44:55
New MAC: aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff (random)Cambiar a una MAC específica:
sudo macchanger -m 11:22:33:44:55:66 wlan0Volver a la MAC original de fábrica:
sudo macchanger -p wlan0Reactivar la interfaz y verificar:
sudo ip link set wlan0 up
ip link show wlan0Resumen rápido
sudo ip link set wlan0 down
sudo macchanger -r wlan0
sudo ip link set wlan0 upUso responsable
Estos comandos son para entornos propios o con autorización explícita por escrito (laboratorios, CTF, auditorías contratadas). Usarlos contra infraestructura ajena sin permiso es ilegal en la mayoría de países.