root@thehacksparrow:~/writeups$ SYSTEM ONLINE
root@sparrow:~/writeups$ cat chatterbox.md
// writeups

Chatterbox

27 Jan 2018 · 12 min read · root access
Chatterbox - maquina de Hack The Box

Executive summary — Chatterbox is a Medium Windows box whose entry point is neither web nor SMB, but an uncommon chat service: AChat 0.150 beta7, vulnerable to a buffer overflow in its own UDP protocol with a public exploit (EDB-36025). Generating a Unicode-safe encoded payload and automating its insertion into the exploit without touching it by hand yields a reverse shell as chatterbox\alfred (user flag). The Winlogon registry key stores autologon credentials in cleartext, but even without needing them to open another session, root.txt's own ACL turns out to be modifiable with icacls, with no need for an Administrator shell at any point.

PlatformHack The Box
Operating systemWindows
DifficultyMedium
StatusRetired
Target IP10.129.28.28

Attack map

[1] Recon -- 9255/9256 UDP: AChat 0.150 beta7 (known buffer overflow, EDB-36025)
        |
[2] msfvenom (Unicode-safe, BufferRegister=EAX) -> auto-inserted into the exploit
      +-> sed fixes the target IP -> python2 exploit.py
        |
[3] reverse shell -- chatterbox\alfred  ->  user.txt
        |
[4] reg query Winlogon -- DefaultUserName/DefaultPassword in cleartext
        |
[5] root.txt -- Access denied, but the file's own ACL is modifiable
      +-> icacls root.txt /grant Alfred:F  ->  root.txt

1. Initial enumeration

A default nmap sweep (top 1000 TCP ports) barely returns anything useful on this box — almost everything shows up filtered. That's why the first step is to force a full scan of all 65535 ports before drawing any conclusions:

nmap -p- --min-rate 1000 -T4 10.129.28.28

With the list of open ports in hand, the scan is relaunched with version detection and NSE scripts against those specific ports:

nmap -sC -sV -p PORTS 10.129.28.28

The service that stands out here is neither web nor SMB, but AChat: a niche, closed-source chat/messaging application. It's exactly the kind of service a pentester can overlook by sticking to the "usual" ports — and exactly why it's worth enumerating: AChat 0.150 beta7 has a public, documented buffer overflow (EDB-36025) in the handling of its own protocol over UDP.

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